Japan travel guide

When does it snow in Japan?

Snowfall in Japan typically occurs from December through March. However, the exact timing and intensity varies significantly depending on the region.

Northern Japan

This region, and especially Hokkaido, is renowned for its light, fluffy powder snow. It experiences some of the earliest and heaviest snowfall. This can begin as early as November and continue into April. Winter sports enthusiasts from around the globe visit resorts like Niseko and Furano to take advantage of these conditions.

Central Honshu

In the central region of Japan, and particularly the Japanese Alps, the snow season runs from December to March. Peak snow accumulation is usually January and February. Resorts in Nagano and Niigata offer world-class skiing and snowboarding, as well as traditional onsen villages where visitors can warm up after a day on the slopes.

Southern Japan

The southern regions of Japan like Kyushu receive little to no snow, and cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka usually see only light flurries, if any. If you want to pair your visit to the southern region of Japan with one of the above snowy destinations, you can easily do so via train. Japan's efficient train network gets you from urban areas to winter getaways.

When is cherry blossom (sakura) season in Japan?

Cherry blossom season usually begins in late March and continues through early April. Known locally as sakura season, it is one of the most iconic and anticipated times to visit Japan. The exact timing varies by region and weather patterns each year.

In central Japan, cities like Tokyo, Kyoto, and Osaka usually reach full bloom (called mankai) in early April. Expect to see stunning displays of pink and white blossoms in parks, along riverbanks and around historic temples and shrines.

Further south, places like Kyushu may see blossoms as early as mid to late March, while in northern areas like Hokkaido, the trees bloom later (usually between late April and early May) giving travellers a second chance to catch the sakura.

Popular destinations for first-time visitors to Japan

With so many incredible Japanese destinations to choose from, planning your first trip to Japan can feel a little overwhelming. Each region offers its own distinct blend of culture, history and unforgettable experiences.

To help you get started, we’ve highlighted five must-visit locations that offer a perfect introduction to Japan’s rich traditions, mouthwatering cuisine, and breathtaking scenery.

Navigating Japan: transport and getting around

Getting around Japan is surprisingly easy. You’ll find a variety of transport options to suit your itinerary and travel style. From high-speed bullet trains to regional buses and rental cars, here’s what you need to know to travel Japan with confidence.

Public transport system

Japan’s public transportation system is a traveller's dream. It's punctual, safe and incredibly extensive. Trains and subways are the primary modes of transport in urban areas, particularly in major cities like Tokyo, Osaka and Kyoto. Buses and trams also provide great service in smaller cities and rural towns.

Bullet train

Japan’s iconic shinkansen, or bullet trains, are the gold standard of high-speed rail travel. These trains can reach speeds of up to 320 km/h (200 mph) and connect major cities across the country in a matter of hours. For example, you can travel from Tokyo to Kyoto in just over two hours. Ticket prices vary by route and seat class, but a one-way fare from Tokyo to Kyoto typically costs around ¥13,000–¥15,000 (AUD $130–$150) for a reserved seat.

Save on train travel with a Japan Rail Pass (JR Pass) if you are planning multiple bullet train journeys. The JR Pass is highly recommended, as individual trips can quickly add up. Available only to international tourists, the pass allows unlimited travel on most JR trains, including the famous shinkansen (bullet trains). They can be purchased for a set period (7, 14 or 21 days) depending on what you need for your trip. If you plan to visit multiple cities or regions, the JR Pass can easily pay for itself within a few trips.

Riding the shinkansen is more than just practical, it’s part of the Japan experience. You’ll get to enjoy smooth rides, scenic views and impeccable service.

Renting a car

Renting a car is a great option if you're planning to explore rural or remote areas where trains and buses are less frequent. For example, getting to the mountains of Hokkaido or the countryside of Kyushu may be more convenient in a car. Likewise, a car might be the best choice if you've dreamt of experiencing a coastal drive along Okinawa.

Keep in mind that driving in Japan requires an International Driving Permit (IDP) in addition to your valid Australian driver’s licence. Roads are well-maintained, but signage may not always be in English, and toll roads can add extra costs to your journey.

Read our full guide on what you need to know about international driving permits for your overseas travel.

Taxi options

Taxis in Japan are safe, clean and easy to spot, but they can be expensive. Flagfall fares can start around ¥400–¥700 (AUD $4–$7) and increase quickly over distance or at night.

Taxis are best reserved for short city rides, late-night travel when trains stop running, or if you have heavy luggage. Keep in mind that drivers may not speak English, so it’s helpful to have your destination written down in Japanese or use a translation app.

Ride-hailing apps like GO and Japan Taxi also operate in major cities and can be convenient alternatives to flagging down a cab.

Organised tours

For travellers who prefer a stress-free, curated experience, organised tours are a great option. They take care of transportation, logistics, and sometimes even meals. The advantage of a tour is that it makes it easy to sit back and soak in the sights.

Tours range from day trips (like visiting Mt. Fuji or exploring the temples of Kyoto) to multi-day excursions across different regions. They’re especially helpful for accessing places that are harder to reach by public transport or where English signage may be limited.

Look for tour packages that align with your interests, whether it’s food-focused walking tours, ski holidays, historical landmarks, or cherry blossom cruises.

Cultural etiquette and differences

Japanese culture emphasizes respect, harmony, and politeness. Key etiquette points include:

• Bowing instead of handshakes.
• No tipping - it's not customary and can even be considered rude.
• Being quiet when on public transport – it’s frowned upon to talk on your phone or loudly to others
• Removing shoes when entering homes or some restaurants.
• Proper chopstick use - never stick them upright in rice.

Learn some basic Japanese that will come handy

It may also be helpful to learn and understand a few words and phrases.

A few essential phrases are:

• Hello – こんにちは (Konnichiwa)
• Thank you – ありがとう (Arigatou)
• Please – おねがいします (Onegaishimasu)
• Sorry – ごめんなさい (Gomen nasai)
• I don't understand – わかりません (Wakarimasen)
• Delicious – おいしい (Oishii)

Our travel tips

• Budget wisely: Japan can be expensive, so plan for meals, transport and entrance fees.
• Pack smart: Layers are key, especially with seasonal shifts.
• Stay safe: Japan is one of the safest countries but stay alert in crowded areas.
• Consider travel insurance: It can help protect your health and your wallet.
• Driving: An International Driving Permit is mandatory for driving or go-karting.

Stay safe while exploring Japan

• Natural disasters can occur, including typhoons (July–October), earthquakes and tsunamis. Sign up for updates on Smartraveller before you go.
• Altitude sickness is rare but possible in mountainous areas. If heading to high altitudes for skiing or hiking, stay hydrated and ascend gradually.